Gutondekanya ibyuma bya karubone

Toni zirenga miliyari 1.5 z'ibyuma zikorwa buri mwaka, zikoreshwa mu gukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, nk'inshinge zo kudoda n'ibiti byubatswe ku bicu.Ibyuma bya karubone nibyo byuma bikoreshwa cyane, bingana na 85% byumusaruro wose w’Amerika.Ibirimo bya karubone biri mubicuruzwa biri hagati ya 0-2%.Iyi karubone igira ingaruka kuri microstructure yicyuma, ikayiha imbaraga zicyamamare no gukomera.Iyi mavuta kandi irimo bike bya manganese, silikoni n'umuringa.Icyuma cyoroheje nijambo ryubucuruzi ryibyuma byoroheje birimo karubone iri hagati ya 0.04-0.3%.

Ibyuma bya karubone birashobora gushyirwa mubice ukurikije imiterere yimiterere nibicuruzwa.Ibyuma byoroheje nabyo biri mubyiciro byoroheje kuko bifite ibintu bisa na karubone.Ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone ntabwo birimo amavuta kandi birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bine:

1. Ibyuma bya karubone bike

Ibyuma byoroheje bifite karubone ya 0.04-0.3% kandi nicyiciro gikunze kugaragara mubyuma bya karubone.Ibyuma byoroheje nabyo bifatwa nkibyuma byoroheje kuko bisobanurwa ko bifite karubone nkeya ya 0.05-0.25%.Ibyuma byoroheje biroroshye, byoroshye cyane kandi birashobora gukoreshwa mubice byumubiri wimodoka, urupapuro nibicuruzwa.Ku iherezo ryinshi rya karubone nkeya, hiyongereyeho 1.5% manganese, ibikoresho bya mashini birakwiriye gushyirwaho kashe, kwibagirwa, imiyoboro idafite kashe hamwe na plaque.

2. Icyuma giciriritse

Icyuma giciriritse giciriritse gifite karubone iri hagati ya 0.31-0,6% hamwe na manganese iri hagati ya 0,6-1.65%.Iki cyuma gishobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe no kuzimya kugirango urusheho guhuza microstructure hamwe nubukanishi.Porogaramu zizwi cyane zirimo imitambiko, imitambiko, ibikoresho, gariyamoshi hamwe na gari ya moshi.

3. Icyuma kinini cya karubone

Ibyuma byinshi bya karubone bifite karubone ya 0,6-1% na manganese ya 0.3-0.9%.Imiterere yicyuma kinini cya karubone ituma ikoreshwa neza nkamasoko ninsinga zikomeye.Ibicuruzwa ntibishobora gusudira keretse uburyo burambuye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwashyizwe muburyo bwo gusudira.Ibyuma byinshi bya karubone bikoreshwa mugukata ibikoresho, insinga zikomeye hamwe nisoko.

4. Ibyuma bya karubone birenze urugero

Ibyuma bya karubone birenze urugero bifite karubone ya 1,25-2% kandi bizwi nka alloys.Ubushyuhe butanga ibyuma bikomeye cyane, bifite akamaro mubisabwa nkicyuma, imitambiko cyangwa ingumi.