Waba uzi ibijyanye n'amabati?

Isahani idafite ibyuma ni ibikoresho byicyuma birwanya ruswa.Ibigize byingenzi ni ibyuma, chromium, nikel nibindi bintu bivanga.Ibikurikira nintangiriro yimikorere, ibiranga, ubwoko nuburyo bukoreshwa mubyuma bidafite ingese: Imikorere: Kurwanya ruswa neza, birashobora gukoreshwa igihe kinini mumazi, aside, alkali nibindi bidukikije.Ifite ubushyuhe bwiza, irashobora kugumana imiterere ihamye yubushyuhe bwinshi.Ifite imashini nziza, imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera.Ntabwo byoroshye kwanduzwa no kuvura ubushyuhe kandi bifite imikorere myiza yo gutunganya.Ibiranga: Ubuso bwiza kandi bwiza.Hamwe no guhindagurika neza, irashobora gutunganywa muburyo butandukanye bwibisahani cyangwa ibice nkuko bisabwa.Uburemere bworoshye, byoroshye gutwara no gushiraho.Isubirwamo, hamwe nibikorwa byiza bidukikije.
Ubwoko: Isahani ya Austenitike idafite ibyuma: irwanya ruswa nziza, ibereye imiti, peteroli nubundi buryo.Isahani ya ferritic idafite ibyuma: imbaraga nyinshi, irwanya ubushyuhe bwiza, ikoreshwa kumashini, kubaka ubwato nizindi nganda.Icyuma cya Martensitike kitagira ibyuma: birwanya kwambara cyane no kurwanya ingaruka, bikwiranye n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, metallurgie n'indi mirima.Porogaramu: Umwanya wo gushushanya wubatswe: isahani yicyuma isanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora inkuta, igisenge, ingazi, gariyamoshi, inzugi n'amadirishya nibindi bishushanya imbere no hanze.Imirima ya chimique na peteroli: isahani yicyuma idashobora kwangirika kandi ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya reaktor, tank, imiyoboro nibindi bikoresho mu ifumbire mvaruganda n’ibiti bya peteroli.Amashanyarazi na elegitoronike: isahani yicyuma ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, insinga, insinga nibindi bikoresho bikonjesha nibice.Umwanya wo gutunganya ibiryo: isahani idafite ibyuma idafite ibiranga isuku, aside na alkali birwanya, bikunze gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibiryo, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni nibindi.Umwanya wo gutwara abantu: isahani yicyuma ikoreshwa mugukora ibice byubatswe nigikonoshwa cyimodoka, gariyamoshi, amato nubundi buryo bwo gutwara.Twabibutsa ko ubwoko butandukanye bwibyuma bidafite ibyuma bifite imiterere nuburyo bukoreshwa, kandi bigomba guhitamo ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye iyo bikoreshejwe.
Ahantu h'ingenzi hashyirwa impapuro zidafite ibyuma zirimo ariko ntizigarukira gusa kuri ibi bikurikira: Imitako yubatswe: urupapuro rwicyuma rushobora gukoreshwa mugushushanya imbere no hanze, ibisenge, inkuta, intoki zintambwe, inzugi nidirishya, nibindi, kandi birashobora gutanga a bigezweho, bifite ireme ryiza.Ibikoresho byo mu gikoni: isahani yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byigikoni nibikoresho nkibikoni, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, ibyombo, guteka, nibindi. Kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mubidukikije.Ibikoresho byubuvuzi: isahani yicyuma ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, harimo ibikoresho byo kubaga, ameza yo kubaga, trolleys yubuvuzi nibindi, kubera imiterere myiza ya mikorobi, byoroshye kuyisukura, kandi byujuje ibisabwa nisuku.Ibikoresho bya shimi: isahani idafite ibyuma idashobora kwangirika, bityo ikoreshwa cyane munganda zikora imiti, inganda za peteroli nizindi nzego zibika ububiko, imiyoboro, reaktor nibindi bikoresho.Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga: Isahani idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice byimodoka, nkimiyoboro isohora ibinyabiziga, imiterere yumubiri, nibindi, kugirango itange ruswa nziza nimbaraga.
Igiciro cyibiciro byicyuma kitagira umuyonga cyibasiwe nibintu bitandukanye, harimo ariko ntibigarukira gusa kuri ibi bikurikira: ibiciro byibikoresho fatizo: igiciro cyicyuma kidafite ingese gifitanye isano rya bugufi nigiciro cyibikoresho fatizo, cyane cyane igiciro cya chromium na nikel .Imihindagurikire y’ibiciro fatizo bizagira ingaruka ku giciro cy’icyuma kidafite ingese.Isoko ry isoko: icyifuzo cyisoko kumpapuro zidafite ingese, cyane cyane ibisabwa mumishinga minini, bizagira ingaruka kubiciro.Kwiyongera kw'isoko bizamura igiciro, naho ubundi.Amarushanwa yinganda: isoko ryibyuma bitagira umuyonga birarushanwa cyane, igiciro nacyo kizagerwaho nihinduka ryibiciro byabanywanyi muruganda rumwe.Isoko nibisabwa, guhatanira inganda nibindi bintu bizatuma ihindagurika ryibiciro hejuru no hasi.Ingaruka ku isoko mpuzamahanga: igiciro cy’isahani idafite ibyuma nacyo kigira ingaruka ku isoko mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane politiki y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, igipimo cy’ivunjisha n’ibindi bintu bizagira ingaruka ku giciro.Muri rusange, igiciro cyibiciro byicyuma kitagira umwanda bigira ingaruka kubintu bitandukanye, ugomba kwitondera imbaraga zamasoko mugihe gikwiye kugirango wumve amakuru aheruka kugiciro.